Solutions to Poverty: Its Time To Deport The Homeless Essay -- Soluti

The destitute populace is developing in America. There are an ever increasing number of Americans living in boxes, dozing on park seats and begging on the lanes every day. These individuals will in general make us, the non-destitute, feel awkward and dangerous. They are additionally setting expanding weight on the country's economy. To put it plainly, the destitute are a weight on the remainder of society. There should be activity taken against them. I will currently submissively propose my own musings, which I expectation won't be at risk to the least protest (Swift.) I recommend that the entirety of the destitute be migrated to outside underdeveloped nations. They would then be able to be recruited in American industrial facilities delivering shoes, cars and different products at short of what one dollar for each hour. This will take care of a large number of the issues that are referenced in Marin’s â€Å"Helping and Hating the Homeless and Michael Moore’s films â€Å"Roger and Me,† â€Å"Pets or Meat: The Return to Flint,† and â€Å"The Big One.† These issues incorporate both security and monetary issues. The destitute can cause the non-destitute to feel compromised and dangerous (Marin.) â€Å"They are destitute, are outsiders, outsider and in this manner a danger (Marin.)† The danger and threat that destitute posture to American culture could without much of a stretch be killed by delivery every one of them to different nations. We would then no longer need to manage them on an everyday premise. One more issue that could without much of a stretch be tackled by moving the destitute is that of joblessness. American organizations...

Renaissance Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Renaissance Comparison - Essay Example Close to Galatea, hung the Polyphemus, which was extremely huge as the fantasy has it that Polyphemus was infatuated with the sprite Galatea, who didn't restore his love. The two painters along these lines have painted scenes from Classical Literature, and as indicated by E H Gombrich, the two painters drew their source from Florentine Angelo Poliziano’s poetryi. In spite of the fact that the Birth of Venus is painted on canvas, â€Å"the figure of Venus shows up †¦ practically like an old style sculpture. The hard displaying of the white shining tissue shading is suggestive of marbleii† According to E. H. Gombrich, Raphael had consummated â€Å"the great and amicable creation of uninhibitedly moving figures†iii According to Koenmanniv, Galatea is painted in the Neoplatonic style, and is â€Å"a common adaptation of his St. Catherine†. The two painters have various styles. The position of Venus isn't unique and draws on the figure Venus Pudica, so while Botticelli looked to the past to pull out thoughts, Raphael moved away from show and moved away from the quest for Nature, staying more with the possibility of the envisioned Beauty in his mind. Fra Filippo Lippi was Botticelli’s instructor and notwithstanding Antonio del Pollaiuolo the painter, and Andrea Del Verrocchio the artist, affected Botticelli. The Humanist Movement affected Raphael and Galatea speaks to those

The InterviewPart IV

The Interview…Part IV The deadline for Early Action has come and gone. I hope all of you who applied for EA got a chance to contact your EC and have an interview. So now that all the interview reports are being filed, its a good time to talk about what goes into an interview report. What we wont see in your interview report are your scores or your grades. We also wont see everything that youve already told us in the application. If we did, what would be the point exactly? Your interview report shouldnt be just a repeat of what you wrote in your application. It will mention some of those same things but do it in a detailed way that there just isnt room for in your application. So what will we see then? Well see more detail about various projects you worked on or groups you belonged to and worked with. The reports will discuss in depth those activities that were most important to you and why. They will also talk about what you added to the project, how you helped overcome a difficulty encountered by the group, or what you learned from the experience. The report will also talk about why you would be a good addition to the MIT community. ECs know MIT, went to school here, know what it was like and what kind of people and personalities enjoyed their experiences as a student here. They tell us how you would fit into the lifestyle, culture and community here at MIT. Sometimes theyll say they would love to be your lab partner or roommate if they were to be a student at MIT today. While they dont compare you to themselves or to their friends, they do try to envision you here on the campus, walking down the infinite corridor, going to classes, swimming at the Z-cen ter, working in the labs or playing ultimate frisbee in the Great Court. Its pretty cool, actually. What the reports also dont say is if you should or shouldnt be admitted to MIT. ECs know that they dont have enough information to tell the Admissions Office what to do. Nor can they tell you if you will be admitted so please dont ask them what they think your chances are. Getting admitted is not like handicapping a horse race or buying a ticket for the lottery. The only similarity to a game of chance is that you have to play, to win. ECs cant tell you your chances because they dont have all the details about you when they write their reports or meet with you. The interview is just one piece of the puzzle that shows us who you are during the selection process. And now for todays helpful hint :-) Regular Action applications are due on January 1. The deadline to contact your EC for an interview for Regular Action is December 10th, but Id recommend you contact your EC much sooner than that and try to have completed your interview by December 10th if possible. Youll be glad you did!

The development of the novel in the 20th century - 1416 Words

4. The novel from 1881 to 1914 Over the eighteen eighties there was a split in fiction. The first indication towards it was Henry James essay The Art of Fiction (1884), which referred to the novelists calling as a Sacred office. Besides, there appeared a stratification of fiction due to primary education for all. Parallel to this, novelists saw themselves apart from the public, as dedicated men. This new modern conception involved dignity and a sense of glory. Another change was from the three-volume novel to the one volume one. Together with the demands of the new publics, this shortening divided the Victorian novel into the categories of fiction we know today. The key name in the eighties is Henry James, who strove to give the†¦show more content†¦During the period between wars we find the Jazz Age. Then, prose fiction becomes associated with simple plots, utopian worlds and literature of disillusionment. Aldous Huxleys dystopia Brave New World illustrates how worries moved beyond their time and address ed the dangers of a technologically engineered future. An extreme example of disillusionment literature is George Orwells works, where a deception with Communism and Socialism ideals is depicted. The most relevant examples are Homage to Catalonia (1938), Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty four (1949). 4.3. Post-War and Post-Modern Literatures and the Neo-Gothic After World War II, there are many names that are important to quote. An example is Elizabeth Bowen. She has been associated with V.Woolf since she explored the inner emotional life, as in The Hotel (1927). After the fifties, Britain lost its overseas Empire steadily but gained a new cultural diversity.That way, Britain started building itself in a culturally, socially and economically different reality. This also had its impact on literature. The new novelists of the fifties include Samuel Becketts experimental narrative, D.H. Lawrence, Lawrence Durrell, William Golding, Angus Wilson, Iris Murdoch and Muriel Spark. During the 1960s and the 1970s a new morality, already sensed in Larkins poem Annus Mirabilis (1963), appeared. This led to female and male reformulations in fiction. In the 1960s the broadening of womens opportunities andShow MoreRelatedMy Point Of View 20th Century1110 Words   |  5 PagesDiala Tadros Unit #3 exam Q1 A. From my point of view 20th century period is the best and the worst time to represent the western culture. But it’s the best for the most part. Western culture refers to the culture of any country that is a part of the western world. The western country is always democratic has neo-liberal capitalist economy. Has a separation of church and state, and high livings standards with materialistic society? The USA, UK, France are examples of western countries. WesternRead MoreAmory Blaine : A True American Character1586 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor characteristics of a great novel is its potential to depict characters that are representative of a specific society, its ideology, its conventions, and its worldview. Analyzing from the perspective of characterization, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel â€Å"This Side of Paradise† should be considered as one of the greatest novels ever written in the realm of American literature because emphasizing on the development of the cen tral protagonist’s character in the novel it can be found that it is a typicalRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pagesone of the popular novelists of twentieth century America. He is the representative novelist of the age because his novels deal with the American life in 20th century. Fitzgerald regards himself as a failure, and it was only after his death in 1940 that the greatness of his novel was recognized. The novel was published in 1925. After World War II, the novel became popular. It was taught in American high schools. Many stage and film versions of the novel also appeared. The Great Gatsby even becameRead MoreMark Twain s Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn1562 Words   |  7 Pagesdistinguished novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885) convey the vanquished way of life in the pre-Civil War Mississippi Valley and life on the river. His unpretentious, colloquial, yet poetic style and wide-ranging humor embodies the development of ideologies based upon the American Dream. Twains’ life and the literature he contributed shed light to the societal issues and culture inherent within America during the 19th and 20th centuries influencingRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1672 Words   |  7 Pages The Different Social Cognition of the Similar Stories — Synthesis essay of Lord of the Flies Final Project With the development of British culture, the format of Desert Island Literature has an inevitable connection with the geographical and culture heritage of the development of British history. Generally speaking, the setting of such literature is basically around an isolated island which is far from human society. The characters usually follow a primary lifestyle so that illustrate the courageRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club And The Kitchen God s Wife Essay1609 Words   |  7 PagesJonathan Nguyen Period: 3A February 25, 2016 LWA: Amy Tan Born on February 19, 1952, in Oakland, California, Amy Tan is introduced to the world as an American novelist. Amy Tan is known for being a worldwide artist, as she published two of her famous novels, The Joy Luck Club and The Kitchen God’s Wife. Often, people would think that successful people had a great start at a young age; yet, Amy Tan had experienced a rough childhood until she later became successful. Both of her parents, John and DaisyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Of Ragtime 1734 Words   |  7 Pagesreflection of the events in the 20th Century but the novel reflects the events that continue to happen until today in socialism. For instance, the novel gives a glimpse of the kind of life experienced by many African Americans. They were victimized by the society and the persons in authority refuse to help them. Even in the 21st Century, it cannot be denied that African Americans are still subjected to discrimination in socialism. Throughout the stories in this novel chara cter represent that changeRead MoreAn Analysis of Cultural Influences in the 19th and 20th Centuries734 Words   |  3 PagesAn Analysis of Cultural Influences in the 19th and 20th Centuries The 19th and early 20th centuries were a time of massive cultural mutation, out of which came varying worldviews that intermingled with and reacted against one another. As Professor Ambrosio (2011) states in A History of Suspicion, of the biggest intellectual and/or philosophical influences in that time period, Marx, Darwin, Freud, Nietzsche, and Dostoevsky each represents a decisively different view of history than the view ofRead MoreThe Impact of Globalization on the World Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesThe 20th and 21st centuries have challenged individuals and communities to find ways to successfully navigate the ever changing reality of the global world. Throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, globalisation has caused the interlinking between the global and the local, resulting in the combination of the values and ideals from each. This process of globalisation has invariably had a great impact upon individuals and communities around the world. While there are many things individuals and communitiesRead MoreSigmund Freud And Its Impact On 20th Century Ego Psychology Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pages Sigmund Freud, Psychoanalysis and the impact on 20th Century Ego Psychology Meghan Laubengeyer Temple University Psychologist, psychoanalyst, doctor of medicine, and author, Sigmund Freud’s contributions to the world of science and psychology were far from limited. The self and widely regarded scientist was born in Friedberg in 1856 where he lived before moving to Vienna, Germany, where he would later produce founding revelations at the birth of psychology as a science

US Army Civil Affairs

When thinking about the US Army we tend to forget that it is not homogenous and is not comprised entirely of people whose job is to take part in actual fighting. There are other subdivisions with their own specific goals and purposes, and the US Army Civil Affairs is one of them. It can be best characterized as a division of war diplomats – their main job is to maintain relations with civil authorities of areas of military operations, communicate with locals, and, in general, make sure that the negative impact of these operations is kept to a minimum, local authorities get all the help they need and people suffer as little as possible. The majority of US Army Civil Affairs officers are reservists who support and accompany active duty military units. The fact that their members usually come from Army Reserve means that they already possess certain experience in non-military occupations and don’t have to be specifically trained for their job, which may vary from lawyers and economists to teachers and doctors. Thus, Civil Affairs Soldiers come from all kinds of backgrounds and areas of expertise, making sure that field commanders have full range of specialists at their disposal. They provide a link to local authorities and make sure that civil administration is carried out as smoothly and stably as it is possible under the circumstances. Although their job doesn’t look all that heroic and they are often perceived as a kind of supplement to ‘real’, active duty soldiers, US Army Civil Affairs plays vital role in day-to-day workings of military forces. After all, they try to minimize the negative impact of war on people who have nothing to do with it and, on the contrary to common belief, do it not from a headquarters 2000 miles away from the zone of active warfare, but right on the spot. All in all, yes, they can be called a supplement, but only in the sense of doing the same job by different means. Instead of using active force they are engaged in low-profile jobs spread in the zone of conflict and aim to strengthen and stabilize friendly governments while indirectly battling destabilizing elements. Civil Affairs has only existed as a separate branch of military forces since 2007, but during this time it has been growing rapidly, recruiting new people and undergoing general restructuring – the majority of its soldiers are still reservists, but the amount of active component soldiers saw a dramatic increase: from 4% to about 30%. With two wars going on simultaneously there was simply not enough reservists to satisfy all the needs of the army, which meant that the force had to be rebuilt and reformed according to the changing world situation. The most characteristic aspect of Civil Affairs is the wide variety of activities they take part in, ranging from building earthquake shelters and supporting local military hospitals to carrying out anti-drug operations and training local law enforcement officers. Usually Civil Affairs soldiers are deployed in teams of four, comprised of a captain and three non-commissioned officers, all of whom are generally regional experts with deep knowledge of the target location’s local culture, language, economic and political situations. Usually they don’t work autonomously and support Special Operations, conventional army units or military forces of partner nations, providing a non-lethal edge to the policies carried out by the United Stated in the region. By and large, it can be said that US Army Civil Affairs exists mainly in order to provide the Army with a human face, a face that others can relate to, which is not as intimidating as the Army in general.

Prelude to American Revolution Free Essays

Creating the New Nation The social, political, and economic consequences of the Revolutionary War and the early American Republic have served as a blueprint for global freedom enabling subsequent generations and the nations to secure the blessings of liberty. With the culmination of the French and Indian War, British and American ethos clashed causing the American colonists to create a new nation founded on the principles of self-government and human liberty. The following paragraphs will detail a succinct history of the events that shaped this watershed historical and political movement. We will write a custom essay sample on Prelude to American Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now The year is 1754. After years of feeling envious of the Spanish spreading culture around the globe, the British decided to follow in their footsteps, hoping for the same successful results. They set their sights on the New World that promises, â€Å"Land as far as the eye can see† and religious freedom. So they set sail to travel to the Promised Land, only to soon find themselves in a major conflict. It’s not before long that the British are in battle with the current French habitants. Both sides try to receive as much help as possible, by befriending local Native American tribes. This war is now famously known as The French and Indian War. This brutal, exhausting war lasts seven years. In 1763, the Treaty of Paris is signed to finally end the warfare. Taking note of this, the British Parliament issues the Proclamation of 1763, which forbade any British colonists to settle past the Appalachian Mountains. The tired, beaten-up, colonists were outraged. Some refused to comply and moved out west anyways. This is significant because this is the first sign of rebellious acts that the colonists made leading up to the American Revolution. The damage from the French and Indian War was far more devastating than people realized. Britain was severely in debt and stripped of resources. As a result, a few taxes were placed on the colonies. The most important being The Stamp Act of 1765. The idea was for the British to place a tax on all documents produced in the British colonies. This was the main form of communication, so having to pay even more for something they used very often frustrated the colonists to an even greater extent. Many colonists thought it was against their rights to be taxed without their consent. The phrase, â€Å"taxation without representation† became more and more popular within the general public. Some colonists even formed rebellious groups and protested the British Parliament’s taxes. On March 5, 1770, a group of protesters were on King Street in Boston, Massachusetts. They began verbally abusing and harassing eight soldiers stationed in front of a building. Without order, the soldiers fired into the crowd, instantly killing three people and wounding others. This major event is known as the Boston Massacre. After several similar events, significant figures such as Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, and many others, signed the Declaration of Independence on July 4th, 1776. This document stated that America is declaring its independence against the British Government. The thirteen colonies considered themselves â€Å"independent†, not knowing the major actions that Britain was going to commence. The American Revolution had officially begun. A disgruntled colonist named Thomas Paine wrote a pamphlet criticizing not only the British, but the colonists also. He thought that no one was actually taking actions in preparations for the war against Britain. He constantly used biblical references to try and influence people to take action. This pamphlet, titled â€Å"Common Sense† is famously known as being the most popular pamphlet in the revolutionary era. In the midst of the Revolutionary War, the young country of America thought they needed some type of constitution; therefore, The Articles of Confederation were established. The A of C loosely linked the 13 states mainly to deal with foreign affairs. It didn’t create an executive branch. Each state had a single vote and 9 of the 13 states had to vote for a bill before it passed. The main problem with this was that Rhode Island had the same amount of power as Virginia, which had three times Rhode Island’s population. Also, The A of C did not provide the government power to tax, raise an army or navy, and regulate commerce for national interests. States, however, could enforce taxes. Frustration continued throughout the American states for years. A farmer named Daniel Shay, led a small army and tried to revolt against the government. Shay’s Rebellion was stopped, but exposed several major problems. First, there was not standing army to stop a rebellion. Second, many people, including Thomas Jefferson, agreed with Shay. Jefferson stated, â€Å"The tree of liberty has to be watered with the blood of patriots and tyrants from time to time. It is as natural as manure. † And thirdly, the A of C were not working AT ALL. In 1787, a quorum of 55 emissaries from 12 states gathered in Philadelphia. Thomas Jefferson called this a â€Å"Convention of Demigods†, but it was formally known as the Constitutional Convention. They issued many major compromises. One being the CT Plan/Great compromise. This set a standard to how many representatives in each state could be in Senate (equal) and the House of Representatives (based on population). Another compromise they established was the 3/5 compromise. This stated that slaves were to be counted as 3/5 of person. This greatly impacted when bills or policies were in the voting stages. Lastly, The Electoral College was created. The idea of this was to be used for future presidential elections. They were to use the number of congressional electors from each state to determine the president based on the state’s power. For example, California would have more Electoral College votes than Oklahoma because it has a higher population. Realizing that the A of C has led to be a string of failures, George Washington appointed James Madison to construct the U. S. Constitution. Many Anti-Federalists sharply criticized the Constitution because it did not recognize many civil rights. The first 10 amendments of the Constitution, commonly known as the Bill of Rights, is a necessity to the most precious of our rights. It prohibits too much intrusion by the government. In other words, it greatly limits the government’s power. As the country became more and more in debt, Alexander Hamilton argued that Assumption was the right way to go because the debts were caused by the shared goal of Independence. In addition, it put the states under more power by the federal government. Thomas Jefferson and James Madison met with Alexander Hamilton for dinner in Philadelphia one greatly historic weekend. They made a deal: Jefferson would support Assumption and Hamilton would support moving the Nation’s capital to the Chesapeake area. This is why the capital is in the South and called Washington D. C. Once George Washington left office, John Adams took his place as President. Adams was not going to take any negativity for the way he ran things. So the Adams’ Administration established the Alien and Sedition Act which enforced arrest on any people who criticized the government. Thomas despised the way Adams took things during his presidency. So Jefferson runs against him and sabotages Adams’ presidency and wins the Election of 1800, aka The Revolution of 1800. Immediately, Jefferson with the help of James Madison tried to thwart the federal government’s power. In conclusion, Early America, despite all the rebellious acts and criticism, served as a blueprint for global freedom enabling subsequent generations and nations to secure the blessings of liberty. Thanks to many great leaders such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and many more, there is a standard set in the country that the Government must abide by. The impact of events such as the American Revolution, Boston Massacre, Constitutional Convention, etc. , the country has grown stronger and more knowledgeable about foreign affairs and globalization. Although America is still considered to be a young country, the history within this great nation is one of the richest in the world. How to cite Prelude to American Revolution, Essay examples

Professional Project for Customer Value Insights-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theProfessional Project for Customer Value Insights. Answer: Field of research Master of management for engineers is a course that is designed to close a market gap that exists between engineering, management, and technology fields (Ili, Albers Miller, 2010). The course focuses on optimizing and managing all processes in engineering through the incorporation of business management tools available. Uses of secondary data In order to make carrier development, I would be using secondary data to analyze the areas that have not been developed so that I can advance on a specific area of interest. Since the carrier is a multidisciplinary course, the data would be useful in bridging management and engineering in order to sphere head technological innovation. Research question Is the bridging between management and engineering applicable in the industrial market? To answer this question, a set of variables would be required to balance ideas generated from three fields. The important aspect, in this case, is valid and viable decision making in regard to steering technological innovation and management. The key objective is the study of a making viable decision as the manager of the business. The data presented in the table gives the ability to measure managerial ability. Research terms The search terms used are; Innovation, management, and engineering The combination of both technology and engineering generates the need for business management (Hoetker Mellewigt, 2009). The upcoming innovation in the industrial market, need for steering performance in the business, and evaluating the processes required to satisfy customers in the business management is of great importance in this professional study (Flint, Larsson Gammelgaard, 2008). This resulted to multidisciplinary course that can integrate all the three into one under management (Ili, Albers Miller, 2010). References Flint, D. J., Larsson, E., Gammelgaard, B. (2008). Exploring processes for customer value insights, supply chain learning and innovation: an international study. Journal of Business Logistics, 29(1), 257-281. Hoetker, G., Mellewigt, T. (2009). Choice and performance of governance mechanisms: matching alliance governance to asset type. Strategic Management Journal, 30(10), 1025- 1044. Ili, S., Albers, A., Miller, S. (2010). Open innovation in the automotive industry. Rd Management, 40(3), 246-255.

Where Would I Be Without Freedom Essays - My Freedom,

Where Would I Be Without Freedom? Where Would I Be Without Freedom? I walk upon the earth and marvel at the ability to let the grass cushion my wandering feet. What if my feet could not wander? What if I were a slave to this rich soil, then where would I be? Society may not be controlled, and it may wander aimlessly perhaps, but it wanders on its own course. I walk with society and against it, and I have the freedom to do this. I would not be able to write such an essay if I didn't have my freedom. It is this freedom that allows me to write an essay differently from other people and is what has taken many others and me as far along in our journey. Freedom is the grass that cushions my step, the softness that allows me to tread anywhere without the fear of persecution. Without this layer of protection I would not want to stray far from what I know. Without protection from the corrupt world, I would remain the same immature child who could not walk far from what I could not see. Light liberates darkness the same as freedom liberates slaves. Darkness is the absence of light just as slavery is merely the absence of freedom. Without the light of this freedom I would be in the shadow of darkness; confined to the barren ignorant lands that light never reaches. Grass ceases to grow and life as I know it would be useless ? dead. The fire that burns within the soul is fueled by the sun, fueled by the liberation and freedom which allows us to fill ourselves with worldly and unworldly beliefs. There is little faith behind a society who does not have the ability to choose its own unworldly beliefs. Being spoon-fed from birth by my Orthodox Baptist parents, I rode my own spirit into the arms of God and the ways of Christianity. Faith may guide many a man and his heart, but freedom guides the soul. No one knows the truth concerning God, religion, or existence, but the freedom to seek the truth like I have has made me whole. Without freedom I would still place myself higher than everything else and perceive myself as my own master. This provincial nature that the world commercializes I once held, but it has been freed by the disuniting of my flesh and its influence upon my mind, soul, and heart. Freedom is too immense a concept to comprehend yet too narrow a word to define, but it drives me. Without it I become dark and meek as I look to the cold earth for heavenly answers. Freedom is there for anyone even slaves. The light needs but to be turned on and ignorance can do nothing but flee.

Free Essays on Critical Review

Critical review of an article from The Guardian 18th December 2003 The article I’m reviewing comes from The Guardian 18th December 2003. Headed â€Å"Chirac calls on MP’s to ban headscarves†. A journalist called Paul Webster wrote this article. Briefly this piece is explaining the situation in France regarding President Chirac wanting to ban headscarves and other â€Å"conspicuous† religious signs from state schools. The tone of the article appears to be factual. It does, however seem to be a biased article in favour of the ban. There isn’t much criticism of the President and his decision for legislation regarding this. The French Council of the Muslim Faith is said to have called this a â€Å"disastrous† decision. Although the article says that the President is calling for legislation regarding headscarves and other â€Å"conspicuous† religious signs the focus of this piece is mainly the headscarves issue. There is an opinion poll mentioned, taken the previous day but it doesn’t actually state where this poll was taken or the cross section of people/religious backgrounds polled. The writer states this poll gave a result of 69% in favour of President Chirac’s decision regarding headscarves and religious signs in schools and public services and â€Å"opposed the introduction of public holidays to celebrate Muslim and Jewish feasts†. Paul then goes on to say that two thirds of the leftwing and National Front (rightwing) voters approved, as did 75% of the centre-right. This proposal is documented as â€Å"the most popular reform the President has sponsored since he was first elected in 1995†. â€Å"Discreet signs† of religious affiliation would be allowed, signs such as the hand of Fatima, the star of David, and the cross depending on the size – which would be determined by parliament. The writer then goes on to speak about President Chirac’s 35-minute address to an â€Å"invited audience† – presumably invited ... Free Essays on Critical Review Free Essays on Critical Review Critical review of an article from The Guardian 18th December 2003 The article I’m reviewing comes from The Guardian 18th December 2003. Headed â€Å"Chirac calls on MP’s to ban headscarves†. A journalist called Paul Webster wrote this article. Briefly this piece is explaining the situation in France regarding President Chirac wanting to ban headscarves and other â€Å"conspicuous† religious signs from state schools. The tone of the article appears to be factual. It does, however seem to be a biased article in favour of the ban. There isn’t much criticism of the President and his decision for legislation regarding this. The French Council of the Muslim Faith is said to have called this a â€Å"disastrous† decision. Although the article says that the President is calling for legislation regarding headscarves and other â€Å"conspicuous† religious signs the focus of this piece is mainly the headscarves issue. There is an opinion poll mentioned, taken the previous day but it doesn’t actually state where this poll was taken or the cross section of people/religious backgrounds polled. The writer states this poll gave a result of 69% in favour of President Chirac’s decision regarding headscarves and religious signs in schools and public services and â€Å"opposed the introduction of public holidays to celebrate Muslim and Jewish feasts†. Paul then goes on to say that two thirds of the leftwing and National Front (rightwing) voters approved, as did 75% of the centre-right. This proposal is documented as â€Å"the most popular reform the President has sponsored since he was first elected in 1995†. â€Å"Discreet signs† of religious affiliation would be allowed, signs such as the hand of Fatima, the star of David, and the cross depending on the size – which would be determined by parliament. The writer then goes on to speak about President Chirac’s 35-minute address to an â€Å"invited audience† – presumably invited ...

Orignial topic - adopting a positive or negative viewpoint Essay - 2

Orignial topic - adopting a positive or negative viewpoint - Essay Example auses major health problems, is more dangerous for the non-smoker than smoking is for the smoker, is most dangerous for children and is an infringement on rights, the right to live. The definition of secondhand smoke is smoke that a person inhales due to someone else’s who is smoking close to them. While some disagree and say that the hazard from second-hand smoke is negligible, others have identified numerous properties of secondhand smoke that make it more than obvious this type of smoke is even more powerful and therefore more harmful than the smoke the smoker themselves is inhaling into their own lungs. When a smoker inhales through a cigarette filter they are getting only about half of the poisons tar and nicotine that are found in a comparable sized amount of secondhand smoke according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Despite the fact they are non-smokers, this same report states that roughly â€Å"3,000 non-smokers a year die from lung cancer caused by secondhand smoke† and another â€Å"37,000 non-smokers a year die from heart disease attributed to secondhand smoke† (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992). These figures are verified by other data of the detrimental effects of secondhand smoke, for example, a study demonstrated that women who did not smoke that were married to heavy smoking men suffered twice the risk of developing lung cancer as compared to women married to non-smoking men. Another study performed on workers such as waitresses and bartenders who are repeatedly exposed for an extended period of time to secondhand smoke experienced a 25-75 percent greater possibility of contracting lung cancer, with the odds becoming proportionately higher with the time employed in these types of places. These are studies on adult lungs. Imagine the damage done to smaller, weaker and less developed more susceptible lungs. â€Å"Children exposed to high levels of secondhand smoke are susceptible to greater instances of bronchitis, pneumonia

Self Portrait Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self Portrait - Essay Example What is more, I had my own future ambitions, which were focused on living a well learned lifestyle that made me financially independent and free from most of the common worries of life. In effect when the opportunity came, I felt the luckiest person in the word for the amazing future ahead in USA and the awful future I escaped for leaving Cuba. There’s millions of Cubans or other countries’ citizens willing the same opportunity and I was one of the chosen one. The second episode was related to a social event in my life, when as part of my long time ambition to attend a world class concert, I attended the concert of none other than Celine Dion. Not only did I attend Celine Dion’s concert but I had the opportunity to sit at a VIP stand that was very close to the stage where I could see the artist clearly and have a full feel of the concert. The show was colorful for everyone who was there but to me, it is more than awesome. Before the time, I had an iPod full of Celine Dion’s songs, which tells how much I love the diva. But from my background, hardly did I think a day was coming when I would sit at her feet and watch her perform. Here was I, the poor, country girl in front of that amazing and divine voice – it was very emotional. It is so pleasant to feel as a social event can complete aspects of a person’s life. The last episode is on my academic life and related to the day of my graduation as a Registered Nurse. Caring for others and being of help to them has been my childhood ambition. When in May 2009 I graduated with BSN from Barry University on May 2009, I was more than joyous. . When I think about my graduation as a nurse, it makes me think everything is possible. This episode gives me so many lessons on the need to be consistent, dedicated and responsible. I always worked (full time job as a waiter) and studied (full time too), had a husband and did house duties as a wife at the same time when I was studying. These factors however

Fairy Tales Are The Favourite Bedtime Stories Cultural Studies Essay

Fairy Tales Are The Favourite Bedtime Stories Cultural Studies Essay Fairy tales are the favourite bedtime stories for young children; one of the reasons is because they can teach morals. Fairy tales have been around for centuries; even before they emerged as a literary genre of their own. Children the world over have been exposed to different fairy tales and folklore. Fairy tales have also been known to be essential in a childs development, because of its suitability to teach young children moral values while helping children distinguish between deeds that are good and deeds that are evil, such as vengeance. Fairy tales accomplish this by casting protagonists as ordinary children with whom young audiences can easily identify (Cashdan, 2000); in other words, children are able to relate with the protagonists of fairy tales and as they are just like any other children, except for their titles (Cashdan, 2000). Fairy tales have also been described by Bettleheim (1962) as key means by which culture is assimilated by children. Bettelheim (1976) suggests that our unconscious desires are expressed through fairy tales and fairy tales symbolize deep hidden meanings within our beings. For children, he asserts that fairy tales are a wonderful experience because the child feels understood and appreciated deep down in his feelings, hopes, and anxieties, without theses all having to be dragged up and investigated in the harsh light of a rationality that is still beyond him (Bettelheim, 1976). Christians (2009) summarizes this as fairy tales are more naturally suited for children because children can fill a deep psychological need with stories. Fairy tales have also received increasing research as a literary genre because of its influence on children who have been exposed to fairy tales from a young age. Fairy tales, particularly Western European fairy tales have secured a unique place in literature written in English because they have entered our cultural shorthand via the popularity of English translations of the works of Perrault and the Brothers Grimm as well as Disney movies (Schanoes, 2007); making fairy tales a fairly an integral part of childhood. It is also because of the popularity of Western European fairy tales that Christians (2009) derives that fairy tales can now be defined on their own while receiving considerable scholarly attention due to its widespread influence. On the other hand, feminist writers have cited fairy tales as an effective means of submitting women to the values of a patriarchal society, particularly through depicting the fairy tale heroines as beautiful and passive. Fairy tales as a literary genre have also been used in Western cultures to safeguard the values and conventions of its patriarchal societies (Comtois, 1995). These values and conventions embedded in fairy tales, Comtois noted, were consistent with the values that were enforced during the times the tales were written. Fox (1997) notes how the feminine beauty can be seen as a normative means of social control whereby social control is accomplished through the internalization of values and norms that serve to restrict womens lives. Doll (2000) also states that good girls become idealized, perfected objects, pedestaled for the males gaze, further enforcing that women are shaped into characters that are appealing to males. Many feminist writers such as Freedman (1986), Fox (1977), Dellinger and Williams (1997), Baker-Sperry and Grauerholz (2003), and Stone (1985) have noted how fairy tales, particularly princess-themed fairy tales, often employ the portrayal of feminine beauty as a means of control over women by men and the patriarchal societies in which we live in. Beauty is a key element in the lives of many women who spend time, resources and effort in the pursuit of the ideal beauty, most often depicted in numerous media. Women relentless strive to pursue the feminine beauty ideal, which is viewed largely as an oppressive, patriarchal practice that objectifies, devalues, and subordinates women (Baker-Sperry and Grauerholz, 2003). Despite this, many women continue to strive for beauty, believing that it plays a major social role in their lives. Backman and Adams (1991) and Suitor and Reavis (1995) assert that beauty is one of the main ways self-esteem and social status are gained by young women and adolescent girls. Women not only want to be beautiful for self-gratification, but also for social purposes, particularly the approval and appraisal by men, whereby according to Freedman (1989), women are aware that beauty comes heavily with men and they therefore work hard to achieve it. The frequent portrayal of women merely as pretty things to look at often create stereotypes that women are exactly that-beautiful dolls who are meant to be seen, and never heard; and all those who do not adhere to such femininity are incompetent and lacking. Dellinger and Williams (1997) found in their study Makeup at work: Negotiating appearance rules in the workplace that women who wear makeup in the workplace are seen as healthier and more competent while those who do not are seen in a negative light. Women who achieve a high degree of attractiveness are psychologically and socially rewarded (Dellinger and Williams, 1997; Hatfield and Sprecher, 1986). This patriarchal society where women are meant to pursue the ideal feminine beauty is mirrored very heavily in fairy tales, especially princess-themed fairy tales, where beauty is often the only power granted to the heroine (Christians, 2009). Jorgensen (2012) declares that beauty is not only linked with success of the heroines in fairy tales but also with character. Fairy tale princesses like Snow White, Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty all rely on using their beauty to entice a prince to liberate them from their burdens; depicting the man as the only key to women to free themselves from problems and to upgrade their social status. The way most classic fairy tales depict women is capable of exposing young children to womens role stereotyping. According to Comtois (1995), feminist writers such as Lieberman (1972), Bottigheimer (1987), Stone (1985), and Tartar (1987) have contended that folklore has at least resulted in the perpetuation of stereotypes in society. These feminist writers also assert that traditional fairy tales have not only served as a mirror of society but have been intentionally used to promote societal values which often depict gender roles in narrow, predetermined ways (Comtois, 1995). Feminist scholars often consider females in fairy tales to be too passive, pretty, and domestic (if protagonists), or alternately too wicked, ugly, and vicious (if antagonists) (Jorgensen, 2012); and these passive, pretty fairy tale heroines receive rewards when they adhere to said roles (Gauntlett, 2002). 1.1 Statement of the Problem While research on fairy tales is not new (with studies of fairy tales dating back as far as the 19th century and early 20th century), its research is not widespread, though gaining momentum because of the popularity of Western European fairy tales. Research on feminism and gender stereotyping in fairy tales have dated back as early as the 1960s with Bettelheims Use of Enchantments (1962) and Heuschers (1963) A Psychiatric Study of Fairy Tales: Their Origin, Meaning, and Usefulness for example. Much of feminist fairy tale researches focus primarily on the sexual stereotyping of women in fairy tales, as carried out by feminist writers such as Bottigheimer (1987), Stone (1985), Comtois (1995), and Baker-Sperry and Grauerholz (2005). Some research also focuses on the negative impact of fairy tales as found in Stones 1985 study The misuse of enchantment: Controversies on the significance of fairy tales. According to Stone (1985) stereotypes are engraved in the perceptions of young women from early childhood and it is possible that as these young girls progress into young adults, the gender stereotypes created in their childhood will still persist and perhaps result in negative effects regarding their perceptions of gender roles and even confidence and self-image. This study aims to discover the impacts of fairy tales on young adult males who have been exposed to fairy tales, particularly princess-themed fairy tales, to determine what kind of gender stereotypes have been conceptualized and their perceptions towards gender roles depicted in fairy tales. This study also aims to determine whether feminism has had an impact on altering the stereotypes created by fairy tales. Moreover, much of the feminist researches focus more on womens responses and opinions towards fairy tales and these researches are mostly theoretical in nature. Previously, there have been two researches conducted on the impact of fairy tales on people: Kay F. Stones 1985 study which involved a sample consisting of women, children, and men; and Rita Comtois 1995 study which featured a sample of women only. According to Comtois (1995), despite a number of feminist writers who have studied the potential impact of sexual stereotyping in fairy tales (Bottigheimer, 1987; Stone, 1985; Tatar, 1987), the majority of their opinions are speculative, based on conclusions drawn from and implications of a fairy tales exposure on its audience. This study will be similar to Rita J. Comtois 1995 qualitative study of the perceived impact of fairy tales on a group of women. This study will also be similar to K. F. Stones 1985 study on the impact of fairy tales, which she conducted in a series of interviews, with a sample of forty-four people, whereby 6 of her respondents were boys. While Comtois research explored the psychological impact fairy tales have had on a female audience which has reached adulthood, this study will instead use a male audience as the sample. With the use males as the respondents, this study, which adopts a feminist approach, it will be possible to collect data on the opinions of males on the topic without resorting to speculative theories. The results of this study whereby a bigger male sample is used, as opposed to the 1985 study carried out by Stone (with only a small sample of 6 males), it will also be possible to gain more insight into what males think without resorting to conjectures. Purpose of this study This study aims: To determine the effects of exposure of fairy tales from an early age on young male adults regarding the way they perceive stereotypical gender roles. To establish whether the gender stereotypes in young male adults have slowly changed over time or are carried well into adulthood due to these effects of exposure to princess-themed fairy tales. To determine how feminist views have altered and changed the way young adult males view the stereotypical female characters depicted in fairy tales and women in real life. Research questions At the end of this study, the researcher hopes to answer the following research questions: What are the effects of exposure of fairy tales on young adult males regarding their perspectives of stereotypical gender roles? How have the effects of exposure to princess-themed fairy tales on young adult males from their youths persisted over time? How have feminist views changed the perception of gender stereotypes formed in young male adults regarding female characters depicted in fairy tales as well as woman in real life? 1.4 Significance of the Study The results from this study will help to increase the knowledge and awareness on the impact of fairy tales on the development of stereotypes of women in young adult males who have been exposed to fairy tales at a young age. From the study, it will also expand the knowledge base on what kind of gender stereotypes are formed and whether they are identical to the stereotypical characteristics of women (particularly princesses) that have been depicted in fairy tales. It will also help to shed some light on whether these stereotypes have degraded over time in the mindset of young adults, whether they have applied these stereotypes onto women in real life, and whether the onset of feminism has in turned further altered these stereotypes. If the gender stereotypes formed through the exposure of fairy tales from an early age still persist throughout the lives of the respondents well into their young adult years, then it will show that fairy tales do have a lasting impact on young adult males. The results of study will provide more insight into how much fairy tales have affected young adult males and what kind of stereotypes have formed as a result of fairy tale exposure. Apart from that, based on the results from this study, it will shed some light on whether young adult male still hold stereotypes towards feminine beauty and women (whereby women who make an effort to enhance their appearance are more valued than those who do not) as suggested by Dellinger and Williams (1997) as well Hatfield and Sprecher (1984). Instead of drawing conclusions from theoretical analysis and assumptions of what kind of impact fairy tales have on men, the data collected from this study will provide will help to clarify what sort of stereotypes that males really have towards women as a result of exposure to fairy tales. 1.5 Scope of Study and Methodology The independent variable of this study is the princess-themed fairy tales. The dependent variable would be the responses provided from the respondents towards the princess-themed fairy tales text. The hypothesis of this study is that fairy tales do have some impact on the formation of gender stereotypes in men. In this study, the respondents will be male Faculty of Arts and Social Science students studying in UTAR. A total of 50 respondents will be chosen through two sampling methods to participate in this study where respondents will be required to answer an online questionnaire based on their cognitive knowledge of fairy tales. The first will be the purposive sampling method which is a form of non-probability sampling technique by which the researcher chooses the sample based on who they think would be appropriate for the study. The second method used will be snowball sampling, a non-probability sampling technique where the participants that have already been selected will be asked to recommend new respondents from their friends and acquaintances. In this study, purposive sampling will be used because the selection of respondents will not be random as only male respondents will be chosen; and the snowball sampling method is used to gain access to a larger sample of young adult males. 1.6 Limitations of the study This study will be conducted among Faculty of Arts and Social Science students in UTAR, which would mean that the scope of respondents is limited as the findings cannot be generalized to all students. In this study, there will be no equal distribution of race, so it would not be possible to examine the different responses among races and cultures. Moreover, this study will only focus on princess-themed fairy tales, namely Snow White, Sleeping Beauty, and Cinderella. Therefore, the finding cannot be generalized with other non-princess-themed fairy tales. Furthermore, the use of an online questionnaire, despite its advantages, will not guarantee absolute control over the respondents. Additionally the use of snowball sampling might result in wrong anchoring, whereby there is a lack of definite knowledge on whether the respondents are from the intended target group. Time constraint is also a limitation in this study. With a set time limit allocated, it was not possible to gather more thorough data for more conclusive findings. 1.7 Operational Terms 1.7.1 Fairy Tale A fairy tale, according to Anderson (2000) can be defined as short, imaginative, traditional tales with a high moral and magical content. Heuscher (1963) defines the fairy tale as a narration which is not based on historic persons or events, as opposed to an epic or saga. 1.7.2 Gender Stereotypes Gender stereotypes  are simple generalizations about the gender attributes, differences, and roles of individuals and groups. Gender stereotypes are widely held beliefs about the characteristics and behaviour of not only women and men but also transgendered people (Manstead and Hewstone; 1995) which suggest how men and women should and should not behave. These stereotypes can be positive or negative, but are rarely accurate. 1.7.3 Feminism Feminism is the championing of equal rights for men and women. It is defined as the belief in the social, political, and economical equality of the sexes (Rowe-Finkbeiner, 2004) such as the right to vote; pursue a career and to have equal social status. 1.7.4 Feminine beauty ideal Femininity is a set of womanly qualities, behaviours, and roles generally associated with girls and women. Baker-Sperry and Grauerholz (2003) define the feminine beauty ideal as the socially constructed notion that physical attractiveness is one womans most important assets, and something all women should strive to achieve and maintain. 1.8 Organization of the Thesis This study consists of a total of five chapters, which are Introduction, Literature Review, Methodology, Findings Analysis, and Discussion Conclusion. The Introduction, which is the first chapter, addresses the background of study, statement of problem, purpose of study, research questions, significance of study, scope and limitations of study, the definition of key terms and the organization of the thesis. The second chapter, Literature Review, will outline the definitions of fairy tales, feminine beauty ideal, gender stereotypes, as well as men and their negative reaction towards feminism. Additionally this chapter will also explore some of the previous feminist critiques on fairy tales, the feminine beauty ideal, and gender stereotypes; investigating the relationship between fairy tales and feminism through past research, and briefly address the present study. The third chapter, Methodology will explain the research design, sampling, instruments used for data gathering, the pilot study, procedures, and the data analysis. The fourth and fifth chapter will present the findings and discuss its significance in relation to the study as well as provide recommendations for further research and conclusions respectively. CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Introduction This chapter will highlight more on the definitions of fairy tales, feminine beauty ideal, gender stereotypes, as well as men and their negative reaction towards feminism. Additionally this chapter will also explore some of the previous feminist critiques on fairy tales, the feminine beauty ideal, and gender stereotypes; investigating the relationship between fairy tales and feminism through past research. 2.1 Fairy tales In order to find out about the impact of fairy tales on young adult males, it is first crucial to understand the meaning of fairy tales as well as their purpose in society, and the relationship between feminist criticism, fairy tales, and society-which first begins with the question: What is a fairy tale? 2.1.1 What is a fairy tale? A fairy tale is a very powerful literary piece that undoubtedly resonates throughout the entire world as everyone has been exposed to fairy tales at one point in their lives, most notably during their childhood. Rohrich (1986) describes fairy tales as one of the deepest and most enduring childhood impressions. If one were to be asked to define a fairy tale, no doubt it would be described as a story with magical elements where a hero does a good deed while rescuing a princess in between, thus saving the day. According to Anderson (2000), fairy tales can be defined as short, imaginative, traditional tales with a high moral and magical content. Heuscher (1963) defines the fairy tale as a narration which is not based on historic persons or events, in contrast to an epic or saga. Jack Zipes (2012) has described the fairy tale as both an elaborate and simple narrative. Various fairy tale scholars consider fairy tales to be highly structured fictional stories wherein youth protagonists attain riches, marriage, and social justice by means of cleverness, beauty, endurance, and magic (Christians, 2009). However, even with all the definitions provided on fairy tales, it has been noted that fairy tales cannot easily be defined. Rachael Burkholder (2011) explains that even within the genre itself, there are minor discrepancies in definitions, causing overlap within the definitions and such variations within the genre make clear definitions difficult. Author J.R.R. Tolkien has also confessed to being a fairy tale lover though he uses the term fairy-stories instead. Tolkien himself has found difficulty in defining fairy tales or fairy-stories in his study On Faerie Stories: You will turn to the Oxford English Dictionary in vain. It contains no reference to the combination fairy-story, and is unhelpful on the subject of fairies generally. In the Supplement, fairy-tale is recorded since the year 1750, and its leading sense is said to be (a) a tale about fairies, or generally a fairy legend; with developed senses, (b) an unreal or incredible story, and (c) a falsehood. (Tolkien, The Tolkien Reader, 1966). 2.1.2 The purpose of a fairy tale It is also important to understand the purpose of the fairy tale. The goal of the fairy tale is to describe the marvellous and mysterious; that is, happenings which transcend everyday reality and as such are impossible to study by any scientific method (Comtois, 1995). Cashdan (2000) states that fairy tales are more than suspense-filled adventures that excite the imagination, more than mere entertainment; Cashdan stresses that while the initial attraction of fairy tales may be for entertainment and enjoyment purposes, its lasting value lies in its power to help children deal with the internal conflicts they face in the course of growing up The fairy tale genre has roots deeply embedded in the traditions of oral tales, myths and legends (Christians, 2009) and many scholars classify fairy tales with folklore narratives-which are the various genres such as legends, fairy tales, myths, epics, ballads, folktales and so on (Christians, 2009). The emergence of the fairy tale as a literary genre has been fairly recent; the fairy tale has evolved through many cultural changes, making it one of the more diversified genres (Christrians, 2009). While many people of today often classify fairy tales as childrens literature, these stories were in fact intended for adults instead. However, the tales have been adapted and revised for children because they are a suitable medium for teaching morals (Christians, 2009) because children find it easy to identify with the protagonists in fairy tales, whom they regard as ordinary and therefore similar to themselves (Cashdan, 2000). It is because of this that fairy tales, particularly fairy tales by the Grimm brothers in the nineteenth century were originally used as primers for relatively affluent European children and served to impart moral lessons to them (Zipes, 1988a as cited in Baker-Sperry and Grauerholz, 2003). Bettelheim (1976) has also noted how fairy tales manage to connect with children on a deep psychological level, as opposed to adults, where he argues that for adults, the fairy tale motifs are something one is better off understanding rationally so one can rid oneself of them. As Zipes (2002) states, Most fairy tales are an imaginative depiction of healthy human development and help children understand the motives behind their rebellion against parents and the fear of growing up. Today, fairy tales especially those that have survived the test of time are one of the most widely read genres in the world. They are actively read by children across the globe and its readership transcends the borders of social class and racial groups (Zipes, 1997) while continuing to contain symbolic imagery that legitimates existing race, class, and gender systems (Baker-Sperry and Grauerholz, 2003). 2.1.3Fairy tale as a mirror of society It is generally recognized by fairy tale scholars such as Jack Zipes (1988), Kay Stone (1985) and Maria Tatar (1987) that fairy tales have been known to reflect the culture and values of the society of their time. As fairy tales are one of the most influential forms of literature, one of the more important purposes of fairy tales was to teach children good moral values as well as the norms of society. Bettelheim (1976) suggests that fairy tales symbolize deep hidden meanings and desires within our unconscious mind, therefore it is much easier for children to identity with fairy tales as children can fill a deep psychological need with stories (Christians, 2009). Folklorists thus utilize fairy tales to transmit the cultures and traditions acceptable in society to young children. According to Glassie (1999), folklorists learn to emphasize transmission and to think of traditions as things, items, as song texts and quilt patterns passed from generation to generation. Considering the impact of fairy tales on young children, it is not surprising that fairy tales have been made into a medium used to imprint desired gender roles before being transmitted to the young. Therefore it should also not be unforeseen that childrens literature contains messages, both implicit and explicit, about dominant power structures in society, particularly about gender roles (Clark, Lennon, and Morris, 1993; Crabb and Bielawski, 1994; Kortenhause and Demarest, 1993; Weitzman et al., 1972; as cited in Baker-Sperry and Grauerholz, 2003). With the rise of technology in the 18th century due to the development of the printing press, the publishing power and distribution were in the hands of the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie (Comtois, 1995) who had originally considered fairy tales to be lacking in morals for their failure to promote hallowed virtues such as order, discipline, and modesty which were needed to cultivate and thereby ensure newly rising capitalist interests and which were consistent with the Christian ethic (Comtois, 1995). In order to keep with the socio-political era in 19th century Germany, many tales were sanitized and adapted by the Grimm brothers. Zipes (1988a, 1988b) had noted that apart from teaching young children appropriate values and attitudes of the time, fairy tales were also intended to teach young girls and women how to become responsible, domesticated and attractive to a marriage partner during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Bottigheimer (1986) also found that tales reinforced womens silence, a cultural preference at the time-a trait noticeable in fairy tale heroines who often stay silent and only speak in response to a question posed by a male character. 2.1.4 Feminism, Fairy tales and Patriarchal Society One of the main concerns of feminist scholars is the way traditional fairy tales are used by patriarchal societies to promote narrow, predetermined views on gender roles whereby women are portrayed in a shallow light. Feminist writers like Lieberman (1972), Bottigheimer (1986), Stone (1985), and Tatar (1987) maintain that fairy tales have resulted in the formation of gender stereotypes. Women are expected to behave like fairy tale heroines and thus be seen and not heard-they are expected to be pretty, passive, domesticated and silent. It is a common opinion among feminist writers that fairy tales are indeed a tool used by men in patriarchal societies to impart what they think is considered as proper behaviour for women, setting the blueprint for what they see as proper gender roles in society. Therefore, fairy tales are used to shape and mould women to conform to the patriarchal values and norms; or simply as a form of control on womens behaviour. Taking a closer look at the use of fairy tales to promote norms and values that are viewed as acceptable in a patriarchal society, Tatar (1987) uncovered some interesting details about fairy tales, prior to and after the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In her 1987 work The hard facts of the Grimms Fairy tales, Tatar notes that prior to the 18th century, male and female Cinderellas were found in equal frequencies in European folklores. The male counterparts of the present-day female fairy tale heroines were not limited to Cinderella alone-documentations of male Snow Whites were also found in Turkish folklores as well as a Russian male Sleeping Beauty (Tatar, 1987). From this knowledge, it is rather interesting to ponder on the reason for the sudden drastic change in the role of the rescuer and the rescued. When early European folktales have clearly placed women in the roles that, in todays patriarchal society, would conventionally be bestowed on males, Tatar (1987) prompts us to think twice about male hero patterns when we come across a collection of tales depicting heroines who carry out tasks normally put to male heroes alone or who denounce fathers too weak to protect them from evil stepmothers. 2.1.5 Female heroines and patriarchal society Consistent with the values of the era, the Grimmss tales made it clear that domestic talents were a heroines ideal (Comtois, 1995). However, Tatar (1987) questions the motives of the Grimm brothers, who were responsible for collecting, rewriting and adapting the folklores for the German audience to ensure that the folklores to fit in with the morals, values and norms in 19th century Germany. Women, who were once revered as brave and worthy, were suddenly reduced to the role of damsels in distress; morphing into what Kohlbenschlag (1988) refers to as the formula female. The formula female, according to Kohlbenschlag, has two personas-the desirable object, and the woman who is geared to live for another person (Comtois, 1995); she is a woman who will sacrifice her own needs in order to achieve these two personas. Atkins (2004) states that fairy tale heroines like Snow White, Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty are schooled through their gender constructions, must participate in patriarchal society because their happiness depends on conformity to [its] rule (Zipes, 1983). Atkins further asserts that these fairy tale heroines are left with no choice as they have no right to challenge their roles as idealized women. There are fairy tale females who do not fit into the passive, obedient category and as these female characters fail to conform (Zipes, 1983), they are typecast as wicked women. These are the wicked female antagonists that we see in fairy tales-mothers, step-mothers, stepsiblings, and evil witches. These women are punished at the end of the tales for their contravention (Mueller, 1986) against the good-girl heroines (Atkins, 2004), usually during, immediately after or before the wedding of the heroine princess. This, according to Atkins (2004) makes it clear to readers of fairy tales that the choice is simple-conform to the norms of patriarchal society or suffer the consequences. Atkins (2004) further states that conformity is the key to the kingdom where women must submit themselves to the patriarchal rule, because they are compelled to do so (Rowe, 1979; Atkins 2004). According to Rowe (1979), fairy tales perpetuate the patriarchal status quo by making female subordination seem a romantically desirable, indeed and inescapable fate. 2.2 Gender Stereotypes Gender stereotypes are also an important key term in this study as the main objective of this research is to explore the effect of fairy tales on the formation of gender stereotype

Assignment on Ethics in Bangladesh

Introduction Ethics concern an individual's moral judgements about right and wrong. Decisions taken within an organisation may be made by individuals or groups, but whoever makes them will be influenced by the culture of the company. The decision to behave ethically is a moral one; employees must decide what they think is the right course of action. This may involve rejecting the route that would lead to the biggest short-term profit. Ethical behaviour and corporate social responsibility can bring significant benefits to a business.Business ethics (also corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations. The range and quantity of business ethical issues reflects the interaction of profit-maximizing behavior with non-economic concerns. Governments use l aws and regulations to point business behavior in what they perceive to be beneficial directions.Ethics implicitly regulates areas and details of behavior that lie beyond governmental control. The emergence of large corporations with limited relationships and sensitivity to the communities in which they operate accelerated the development of formal ethics regimes. When business people speak about â€Å"business ethics† they usually mean following things: (1) avoid breaking the criminal law in one’s work-related activity; (2) avoid action that may result in civil law suits against the company; and (3) avoid actions that are bad for the company image.Businesses are especially concerned with these three things since they involve loss of money and company reputation. In theory, a business could address these three concerns by assigning corporate attorneys and public relations experts to escort employees on their daily activities. Anytime an employee might stray from the st raight and narrow path of acceptable conduct, the experts would guide him back. Obviously this solution would be a financial disaster if carried out in practice since it would cost a business more in attorney and public relations fees than they would save from proper employee conduct.Perhaps reluctantly, businesses turn to philosophers to instruct employees on becoming â€Å"moral. † For over 2,000 years philosophers have systematically addressed the issue of right and wrong conduct. Presumably, then, philosophers can teach employees a basic understanding of morality will keep them out of trouble. However, it is not likely that philosophers can teach anyone to be ethical. The job of teaching morality rests squarely on the shoulders of parents and one’s early social environment.By the time philosophers enter the picture, it is too late to change the moral predispositions of an adult. Also, even if philosophers could teach morality, their recommendations are not always t he most financially efficient. Although being moral may save a company from some legal and public relations nightmares, morality in business is also costly. A morally responsible company must pay special attention to product safety, environmental impact, truthful advertising, scrupulous marketing, and humane working conditions.This may be more than a tight-budgeted business bargained for. We cannot easily resolve this tension between the ethical interests of the money-minded businessperson and the ideal-minded philosopher. In most issues of business ethics, ideal moral principles will be checked by economic viability. To understand what is at stake, we will look at three different ways of deriving standards of business ethics. Common Unethical Practices in Business & Financial Sectors In Bangladesh 1. Bribe Taking bribe is a common phenomenon in Bangladesh, especially in the government sector.It is the most common form of corruption known to most people. If someone goes to a governm ent office for a routine work, which the office is supposed to perform, in most cases, he/she has to bribe the sub-staffs of that office. And if there is any severe procedural difficulty in the work, he/she has to pay a high amount to get the job done. Sometimes wrongful procedures are also executed at a high negotiated bribe. Obviously, not only the sub-staffs but also the officers of different levels are also involved in the whole process.Taking bribe has become a trend in the government offices and general people have accepted it as inevitable. 2. Embezzlement of Funds Embezzlement of funds allocated for a particular project or from deposits of banks also happens often in Bangladesh. In the banking sector, embezzling funds is a very common type of corruption. Each year many bankers lose their job if their corruption is proved. Massive embezzlement of capital market fund has also happened in the history of Bangladesh.Fraud & forgery in using the funds allocated for development pro jects is also common in Bangladesh. By using inferior materials then what was quoted in the tender process, contractors maximize their profits & serve the interest of the corrupted officers. As a result of using inferior materials the project loses its validity soon, which makes inevitable to launch another tender process i. e. , another scope for corruption; in this way corruption has become a cyclic phenomenon in Bangladesh. 3. Syndication in BusinessSyndication in the business sector is harming the public interest in Bangladesh to a great extent. Originally, syndications like trade unions, officers club, business unions etc. were formed to save the interest of their members from greater adversities. But this syndication is now also being used to overemphasize business interest, while not considering its harmful consequences on public life. A businessman, even if his production cost & other costs are much less than other businessmen, cannot sell his products at a price significant ly lower than his competitors.While in other countries, festivals are meant to give sales discount, in Bangladesh, commodities reach their peak price in times of festivals like eid & others. 4. Environmental Issues Saving the environment from pollution is a great challenge worldwide. The requirement of effluent treatment plants(ETP) and other measures to control industrial environmental pollution causes the production cost to rise. So business persons in Bangladesh, highly motivated by profit maximization theory, do not care the environmental issues. At many industries there are ETP’s just for eyewash.And bribing the government officials concerned for environmental issues makes it easier for business persons to get more reluctant about the environmental issues. 5. Unethical Procurement Practices Unethical practice in selecting vendor from procurement process is another common corruption form in Bangladesh. Sometimes political forces are applied to get the work order in favor of a particular vendor. Taking bribe to manipulate the result of procurement process also prevails. Corruption in the procurement process is also root of many other consequent corruptions. 6. NepotismNepotism & taking bribe in the recruitment process of many government & private organizations is a great problem in a country like Bangladesh where unemployment rate is very high. These problems are leaving the young generation in despair. As a result different forms of crimes are increasing in the society. 7. Evading Tax, Utility Bills etc. Evading tax is a tendency in general, from corporate organizational level to individual level. Many corporate organizations prepare false spreadsheets to evade/minimize corporate taxes, whereas individuals seek ways to evade/minimize their income tax.Not paying the utility bill and then managing it by bribing staffs of concerned offices, is also common in Bangladesh. Conclusion Ethical practice in economic arena is very important in a country like B angladesh, where economy is emerging at one side and on the other side population density is increasing. Massive unethical practices tend to increase inequality in the society, which is detrimental to the overall progress of the society. Ethics is no doubt an important business subject for any entrepreneur to study, but it also has a wider application throughout organizations.One man's concept of what is ethical and for the best may be completely different from another man's concept, and so it's important to establish a collective set of ethics that represent the entire organization rather than just adopting a piecemeal approach. This can be installed through training, through creating business policies and even through careful selection at the HR stage, although it's important that there are also enforcement mechanisms within the business concerned, and that ethics remain a forefront consideration in day-to-day trade to ensure a unified, morally sound approach to doing business.

Design for a Deep Space Communications System

The communication system will comprise of a redundant dual-band transmission channel, namely an S-band system and an X-band system. The S-band system will be designed specifically for providing tracking, telemetry and control, while the X-band will be used exclusively for telemetry and scientific data. These systems will operate within their specified ranges (S-band: transmit – 2290-2300 MHz, receive – 2110-2120 MHz, X-band: transmit – 7145-7190 MHz, receive – 8400-8450 MHz[1]) as would be specified by the ____Governing body____. The basic mission requirements and assumptions have changed since the general specifications laid out in Assignment 3, primarily that the satellite must land on, or come in contact with, the comet at some point rather than perform a fly-by. With this in mind, the individual components that will be used on the communications system are detailed in the following sections Antennas: There will be both an omnidirectional S-band helical antenna[2], specifically designed for telemetry and commands, as well as a 2.2 metre high-gain antenna[3], akin to the Rosetta satellite antenna. This antenna has optimal performance within both S- and X-band frequencies and both are manufactured by RUAG Space AG, based in Switzerland. Transponder: The system will incorporate two redundant small deep-space transponders (SDST’s) [4], developed by General Dynamics and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This device combines a number of communication functions – receiver, command detector, telemetry modulator, exciter, beacon generator and control functions all into one package. This transponder has Ka-band capability as well for future missions, which comprises of a second X-to-Ka band multiplier. Envelope Size: 7.13†L x 6.55†W x 4.50†H Mass: 7.0 lbs (3.2 kg) Input Supply Power: Receiver Only: 12.5 W Receiver + X-band Exciter: 15.8 W Amplifiers: Two 17 W, 8.4 GHz solid-state power amplifiers[5], manufactured by General Dynamics will be implemented as smaller, lighter and less expensive alternative to the traveling-wave-tube X-band amplifier. These amplifiers are designed for use as a ‘companion unit’ to the SDST and can supply telemetry signals that can be connected directly to the SDST to make a complete transmitter/receiver with a single data interface. Maximum dimensions: 6.85†L x 5.275†W x 1.85†H Mass: 3.02 lbs (1.37 kg) Data interface: MIL-STD-1553B data interface Other components: Other smaller components include a diplexer, attached to the high-gain amplifier, which will allow the S- and X- band transmitter to use the same antenna, as well as allowing the antenna to be used for transmissions on one band and receive on another band. The system will also require a coupler to assign the amplifiers to the respective antennas as well as a hybrid coupler between the amplifiers and the transponders to allow either transponder to drive either amplifier without requiring active switching. Issues in Deep Space Communications: Compared with normal satellite communications, deep-space communications present a significant challenge – specifically from the distance resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio, propagation delays, corruption as well as environmental factors such as temperature variations and electromagnetic radiation. The satellite will be passing behind the Sun for a period of time, it is important to note that communication will be masked for a substantial period of time. One possible solution is to take advantage of NASA’s STEREO (Solar TERrestrial Relations Observatory) satellites in orbit around the sun to provide a link between the satellite-comet intercept point and Earth while the satellite is obscured.

International Business Essay - 1696 Words

International Business 1. International Business is a transaction between two or more countries and is primarily based in a single country, but acquires some meaningful share of its resources or revenues (or both) from other countries. It comprises a large growing portion of the worlds total business. Although its riskier and more expensive it allows for greater variety on different products and services at lower prices. Domestic Business is a transaction within the home country; it acquires all of its resources and sales, and all of its products or services within a single country. A well functioning domestic economy will allow for smooth operations for International Business. The difference between international and domestic†¦show more content†¦Imports and exports are a form of international business that can affect a countries purchasing power. When a company engages in international business to acquire resources they search for raw materials, products, and services that are not available in the home country. A finished product that a company produces may have a combination of products shipped from several countries. For example, diamonds shipped from Sierra Leone are made into the finished product of high priced earrings, rings or bracelets. However, some countries arent aware of the acts, behaviors, and practices that take place in an underdeveloped country to acquire a resource for them. Where as domestic operations are monitored by the home country. When a company wants to minimize risk it seeks foreign markets to take advantage of the fluctuating business cycle. For example, the product life cycle displays the rise and fall of a product. The stages are birth, growth, maturity, and decline. This cycle may take place for a particular product during different times and different locations. Therefore, if a product dies or a country goes into recession, profits can be recouped in another market. Exporting means to make a product in a companys domestic marketplace and selling it in another country. To increase revenues is the number one reason companies export goods, its also less risky than foreign direct investment. Exporting is good for a countries economy moreover; itShow MoreRelatedInternational Business Ventures2671 Words   |  11 PagesInternational Business Ventures Measuring a potential business venture has many aspects which the international manager must be aware of in order to convey the correct information back to the decision makers. Being ignorant to any of the aspects can lead to a false representation of the project, and hence an uninformed decision being passed. In order for a business to survive it must grow. For growth to be optimal, management must first be able to identify the most attractive prospective leadsRead MoreChallenges of International Business Management1037 Words   |  5 PagesCHALLENGES OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT What are the challenges of International Business Management? International business management is a term that is used collectively to describe all commercial transactions which include; †¢ Private †¢ Governmental †¢ Sales †¢ Investments †¢ Transportation The above take place between two or more nations. It involves all business activities which partake in cross border activities of goods, services and resources between nations. PrivateRead MoreInternational Business1578 Words   |  7 PagesInternational business contains all business transactions private and governmental, sales, investments, logistics, and transportation that happen between two or more regions, nations and countries beyond their political limits. Generally, private companies undertake such transactions for profit governments undertake them for profit and for political reasons. It refers to all those business activities which involve cross border transactions of goods, services, resources between two or more nationsRead MoreInternational Business And International Marketing1457 Words   |  6 PagesInternational business compares all commercial transactions like private and government, investments and sales and transportation which take place between two or more regions , nations and countries beyond their political boundries.simply international business is exchange of goods and services among business and individual in multiple count ries. International business such as an essential subject for students around the world because international business is vital ingredient in entrepreneurshipRead MoreInfluential Factors of International Business and International Business Environment4145 Words   |  17 PagesA Business Growth and Strategy Project On INFLUENTIAL FACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT By: Ankit D Jethani 6937 Business Environment consist of every factors influential to the business operations. These factors are classified into two broad categories. These are: a) External or UncontrollableRead MoreInternational Business Environment6667 Words   |  27 PagesModule specification INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Code: PGBM04 Credits: 15 Level: Masters FBL, Business School Board: Postgraduate Business Studies Learning Hours: 150 of which 30 CONTACT hours Rationale 1. The international business environment is multi-dimensional, including economic, political, socio-cultural and technological influences. While each can be viewed in specific national settings, increasingly they have become interrelated through processes of globalisation. In particularRead MoreInternational Business5797 Words   |  24 Pagesof world output and world exports accounted for by the United States and other long-established developed nations is unlikely. FALSE 23. (p. 21) A current trend in international business is the growth of medium-sized and small multinationals, known as mini-multinationals. TRUE 24. (p. 22) Today, the risks involved in doing business in countries such as Russia are low, but so are the returns. FALSE 25. (p. 23) If the free market reforms in China continue for two more decades, China may move fromRead MoreInternational Trade As A Tool For International Business1707 Words   |  7 Pagesfourteen asks some very important questions regarding international trade as SME and MNE evolve globally due to technology. Therefore as international business continues to evolve companies are find easier ways to find importers and exporters from the comfort of their offices without the costly methods of travel and due diligences trying to find reputable companies to handle their needs. Using a variety of sources I will analyze international trade through the use of websites and go into detail aboutRead MoreBusiness Administration International Business Essay1784 Words   |  8 PagesBUSINESS ADMINISTRATION amp; INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS In the literal meaning, Business refers to an organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. Business Administration has over the years taken the form of a formal field of knowledge, besides engineering medical and even closely-related Economics. In the 20th century, with the development and growth of business schools in America and Europe, the dynamics of business administration changed. With more research conductedRead MoreThe Problem Of International Business842 Words   |  4 Pages International business c Trade occurring between one or more countries worldwide. Balance of trade Difference in value of a countries imported and exported goods. Balance of payments Also known as BOP, is the monitoring of all international money transactions during specific times. Global dependency The dependency of one nation to another. Competitive advantage The advantage a company has over its competitors, allowing them to achieve greater